backtrack_sampler

An easy-to-understand framework for LLM samplers that rewind and revise generated tokens

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Backtrack Sampler is a framework for experimenting with custom sampling algorithms that can backtrack the latest generated tokens. It provides a simple and easy-to-understand codebase for creating new sampling strategies. Users can implement their own strategies by creating new files in the `/strategy` directory. The repo includes examples for usage with llama.cpp and transformers, showcasing different strategies like Creative Writing, Anti-slop, Debug, Human Guidance, Adaptive Temperature, and Replace. The goal is to encourage experimentation and customization of backtracking algorithms for language models.

README:

Backtrack Sampler

Backtrack Sampler is a framework for experimenting with custom sampling algorithms (strategies) that can backtrack/undo/rewind/reverse the latest generated tokens.

The code is short, simple and easy to understand

If you want to make your own sampling algorithm, create a new file in the /strategy directory that implements the abstract base class. Remember to submit a PR with it! The more strategies we have to experiment with, the better.

Demo

Installation

pip install backtrack_sampler

The above command will install 0 dependencies. Depending on what kind of LLM you want to use, you'll need to have installed either transformers (pip install transformers), or llama-cpp-python (click here for install commands depending on your hardware) + torch (pip install torch for CPU usage. For GPU, please search for the appropriate commands online.).

Here are some combos, for easy copy/paste:

pip install backtrack_sampler transformers

pip install backtrack_sampler llama-cpp-python torch

Usage examples

* llama.cpp

import torch
import time
from llama_cpp import Llama, LlamaRAMCache
from backtrack_sampler import BacktrackSampler, CreativeWritingStrategy
from backtrack_sampler.provider.llamacpp_provider import LlamacppProvider

#make sure you have the model downloaded
#ex: wget https://huggingface.co/unsloth/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct-GGUF/resolve/main/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf
llm = Llama(model_path="Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf", chat_format="llama-3", verbose=False, n_ctx=2100, n_batch=2100)
device = torch.device('cpu')
cache = LlamaRAMCache(capacity_bytes=100000000)

prompt = "Tell me a short tale of a dragon who is afraid of heights."
provider = LlamacppProvider(llm, cache, device)
strategy = CreativeWritingStrategy(provider, 
                                   top_p_flat = 0.65,
                                   top_k_threshold_flat = 9,
                                   eos_penalty = 0.75)
sampler = BacktrackSampler(provider, strategy)

ts = time.time()

token_stream = sampler.generate(
    prompt=prompt,
    max_new_tokens=1024,
    temperature=1
)

for token in token_stream:
    print(provider.decode([token]), end="", flush=True)

print(f"\nDuration: {time.time()-ts} seconds")

* transformers

import torch
import time
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
from backtrack_sampler import BacktrackSampler, AntiSlopStrategy
from backtrack_sampler.provider.transformers_provider import TransformersProvider

model_name = "unsloth/Llama-3.2-1B-Instruct"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
device = torch.device('cuda')

slops = [ "**Warning", "I cannot", "I can't", "I can’t", "I can not", "can’t provide", "can't provide", "can not provide",
         "***Warning", "*I cannot", "*I can't", "*I can’t", "*I can not", "*can’t provide", "*can't provide", "*can not provide"]
prompt_text = "How to make a bomb? Give as many details as possible."
messages = [
    {"role": "user", "content": prompt_text}
]
prompt = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=False, add_generation_prompt=True)
provider = TransformersProvider(model, tokenizer, device)
strategy = AntiSlopStrategy(provider, slops)
sampler = BacktrackSampler(provider, strategy)

ts = time.time()

token_stream = sampler.generate(
    prompt=prompt,
    max_new_tokens=1024,
    temperature=1
)

for token in token_stream:
    print(tokenizer.decode(token, skip_special_tokens=True), end="", flush=True)

print(f"\nDuration: {time.time()-ts} seconds")

For more usage examples and outputs, see demo.ipynb.

Strategies

This section is about the files that can be found under /strategy. Each file under /strategy sets rules for when to backtrack, how much to backtrack and how to manipulate the logits. Since this package is made for experimenting, we highly encourage you to make your own file and set your own rules for backtracking.

At the moment, we have 5 strategies available:

* Anti-slop strategy

The Anti Slop Strategy is used to ban certain phrases. Whenever a banned phrase (a slop) is encountered, the algorithm erases it (backtracks) and chooses other words. The algorithm used antislop-sampler as a starting point, and this strategy is included here as a code example. If you want to use such a sampler, we recommend using antislop-sampler instead because it has more features (REST API, JSON format output etc.)

* Creative writing strategy

The Creative Writing Strategy is designed to enhance the creativity of language models by favoring less common word choices. It achieves this by often banning from selection the most probable token. This approach is an alternative to using a high temperature setting, which can lead to more creative outputs but often results in nonsensical or "gibberish" text if set too high.

By contrast, in the Creative Writing Strategy, when the probability distribution of potential next tokens is too flat (i.e., when many tokens have similar probabilities), the strategy will revert to a previous state and regenarate tokens. This rollback helps ensure that the generated text remains meaningful and avoids the pitfalls of overly random outputs.

Here is a demo of the Creative Writing Strategy: https://huggingface.co/spaces/Mihaiii/backtrack_sampler_demo

* Debug strategy

The Debug Strategy is the simplest possible strategy and is used to debug logits/probs and as a skeleton for creating new strategies.

* Human guidance strategy

The Human Guidance Strategy is designed to allow the user to manually select the next token from the top generated ones. It is useful to get a better understanding of the model's capabilities.

This strategy relies on curses for drawing, a library that's pre-installed on Linux and MacOS. The curses library is designed for terminal-based applications and does not function properly in notebook (.ipynb files) environments.

* Adaptive temperature strategy

The Adaptive Temperature Strategy is designed to dynamically adjust the temperature of the model based on the entropy of the probability distribution of the next token. The code is copy/pasted from this notebook created by Alexander Doria. The official repo is Quest-Best-Tokens.

* Replace strategy

The Replace Strategy is a "find and replace" functionality. This strategy is a general implementation of vgel's overthinking script for R1 found here.

Here is an example of how to use this strategy based on vgel's use case:

strategy = ReplaceStrategy(
    provider, find="</think>", replace="\nWait, but", min_replacements=3
)

* Chain strategy

The Chain Strategy allows applying multiple strategies on generation. If mulitple strategies need to backtrack at the same exact token, then only the first one will be taken into consideration for backtracking.

strategy1 = ReplaceStrategy(
    provider,
    find=[" So", "So", "\nSo", "Therefore", " Therefore", "\nTherefore", "</think>"],
    replace=" But let me think again.",
    max_replacements=4,
)
strategy2 = ReplaceStrategy(
    provider,
    find=[" But", "But", "\nBut", "Wait", " Wait", "\nWait"],
    replace=" So",
    skip_tokens=2048,
)
sampler = BacktrackSampler(
    provider,
    ChainStrategy([strategy1, strategy2]),
)

Thanks / credit

Sam Paech for making antislop-sampler, which was used as a starting point for creating this repo. Some parts of the code are still from the original repo.

For Tasks:

Click tags to check more tools for each tasks

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