
LLM-as-HH
Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics for Combinatorial Optimization (CO)
Stars: 78

LLM-as-HH is a codebase that accompanies the paper ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution. It introduces Language Hyper-Heuristics (LHHs) that leverage LLMs for heuristic generation with minimal manual intervention and open-ended heuristic spaces. Reflective Evolution (ReEvo) is presented as a searching framework that emulates the reflective design approach of human experts while surpassing human capabilities with scalable LLM inference, Internet-scale domain knowledge, and powerful evolutionary search. The tool can improve various algorithms on problems like Traveling Salesman Problem, Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Orienteering Problem, Multiple Knapsack Problems, Bin Packing Problem, and Decap Placement Problem in both black-box and white-box settings.
README:
🥳 Welcome! This is a codebase that accompanies the paper Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics for Combinatorial Optimization.
Give ReEvo 5 minutes, and get a state-of-the-art algorithm in return!
- 1. News 📰
- 2. Introduction 🚀
- 3. Exciting Highlights 🌟
- 4. Usage 🔑
- 4.1. Dependency
- 4.2. To run ReEvo
- 4.3. Available problems
- 4.4. Simple steps to apply ReEvo to your problem
- 4.5. Use Alternative LLMs
- 5. Citation 🤩
- 6. Acknowledgments 🫡
- 2024.05: We release a new paper version.
- 2024.04: Novel use cases for Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) and Electronic Design Automation (EDA).
- 2024.02: We are excited to release ReEvo! 🚀
We introduce Language Hyper-Heuristics (LHHs), an emerging variant of Hyper-Heuristics (HHs) that leverages LLMs for heuristic generation, featuring minimal manual intervention and open-ended heuristic spaces.
To empower LHHs, we present Reflective Evolution (ReEvo), a generic searching framework that emulates the reflective design approach of human experts while much surpassing human capabilities with its scalable LLM inference, Internet-scale domain knowledge, and powerful evolutionary search.
We can improve the following types of algorithms:
- Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO)
- Genetic Algorithm (GA)
- Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)
- Guided Local Search (GLS)
- Constructive Heuristics
on the following problems:
- Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP)
- Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP)
- Orienteering Problem (OP)
- Multiple Knapsack Problems (MKP)
- Bin Packing Problem (BPP)
- Decap Placement Problem (DPP)
with both black-box and white-box settings.
- Set your LLM API key (OpenAI API, ZhiPu API, Llama API) here or as an environment variable.
- Running logs and intermediate results are saved in
./outputs/main/
by default. - Datasets are generated on the fly.
- Some test notebooks are provided in
./problems/*/test.ipynb
.
- Python >= 3.11
- openai >= 1.0.0
- hydra-core
- scipy
You may install the dependencies above via pip install -r requirements.txt
.
Problem-specific dependencies:
-
tsp_aco(_black_box)
: pytorch, scikit-learn -
cvrp_aco(_black_box)
/mkp_aco(_black_box)
/op_aco(_black_box)
/NCO
: pytorch -
tsp_gls
: numba==0.58
# e.g., for tsp_aco
python main.py problem=tsp_aco
Check out ./cfg/
for more options.
- Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP):
tsp_aco
,tsp_aco_black_box
,tsp_constructive
,tsp_gls
,tsp_pomo
,tsp_lehd
- Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP):
cvrp_aco
,cvrp_aco_black_box
,cvrp_pomo
,cvrp_lehd
- Bin Packing Problem (BPP):
bpp_offline_aco
,bpp_offline_aco_black_box
,bpp_online
- Multiple Knapsack Problems (MKP):
mkp_aco
,mkp_aco_black_box
- Orienteering Problem (OP):
op_aco
,op_aco_black_box
- Decap Placement Problem (DPP):
dpp_ga
- Define your problem in
./cfg/problem/
. - Generate problem instances and implement the evaluation pipeline in
./problems/
. - Add function_description, function_signature, and seed_function in
./prompts/
.
Use the cli parameter llm_client
to designate an LLM API provider, and llm_client.model
to determine the model to use. For example,
$ export LLAMA_API_KEY=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
$ python main.py llm_client=llama_api llm_client.model=gemma2-9b
Supported LLM API providers and models including (to be noted that only chat models are supported):
- OpenAI: gpt-3.5-turbo (default), gpt-4o, gpt-4o-mini, gpt-4-turbo, etc.
- Zhipu AI: GLM-3-Turbo, GLM-4-Air, GLM-4-0520, etc. (full list)
- DeepSeek: deepseek-chat
- Llama API: llama3.1-8b/70b/405b, gemma2-9b/27b, Qwen2-72B, etc. (full list)
- And more providers supported via LiteLLM.
If you encounter any difficulty using our code, please do not hesitate to submit an issue or directly contact us! If you find our work helpful (or if you are so kind as to offer us some encouragement), please consider giving us a star, and citing our paper.
@article{ye2024large,
title={Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics for Combinatorial Optimization},
author={Haoran Ye and Jiarui Wang and Zhiguang Cao and Federico Berto and Chuanbo Hua and Haeyeon Kim and Jinkyoo Park and Guojie Song},
year={2024},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.01145},
note={\url{https://github.com/ai4co/LLM-as-HH}}
}
We are very grateful to Yuan Jiang, Yining Ma, Yifan Yang, and AI4CO community for valuable discussions and feedback.
Also, our work is built upon the following projects, among others:
- DeepACO: Neural-enhanced Ant Systems for Combinatorial Optimization
- Eureka: Human-Level Reward Design via Coding Large Language Models
- Algorithm Evolution Using Large Language Model
- Mathematical discoveries from program search with large language models
- An Example of Evolutionary Computation + Large Language Model Beating Human: Design of Efficient Guided Local Search
- DevFormer: A Symmetric Transformer for Context-Aware Device Placement
For Tasks:
Click tags to check more tools for each tasksFor Jobs:
Alternative AI tools for LLM-as-HH
Similar Open Source Tools

LLM-as-HH
LLM-as-HH is a codebase that accompanies the paper ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution. It introduces Language Hyper-Heuristics (LHHs) that leverage LLMs for heuristic generation with minimal manual intervention and open-ended heuristic spaces. Reflective Evolution (ReEvo) is presented as a searching framework that emulates the reflective design approach of human experts while surpassing human capabilities with scalable LLM inference, Internet-scale domain knowledge, and powerful evolutionary search. The tool can improve various algorithms on problems like Traveling Salesman Problem, Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Orienteering Problem, Multiple Knapsack Problems, Bin Packing Problem, and Decap Placement Problem in both black-box and white-box settings.

SageAttention
SageAttention is an official implementation of an accurate 8-bit attention mechanism for plug-and-play inference acceleration. It is optimized for RTX4090 and RTX3090 GPUs, providing performance improvements for specific GPU architectures. The tool offers a technique called 'smooth_k' to ensure accuracy in processing FP16/BF16 data. Users can easily replace 'scaled_dot_product_attention' with SageAttention for faster video processing.

rag-chat
The `@upstash/rag-chat` package simplifies the development of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) chat applications by providing Next.js compatibility with streaming support, built-in vector store, optional Redis compatibility for fast chat history management, rate limiting, and disableRag option. Users can easily set up the environment variables and initialize RAGChat to interact with AI models, manage knowledge base, chat history, and enable debugging features. Advanced configuration options allow customization of RAGChat instance with built-in rate limiting, observability via Helicone, and integration with Next.js route handlers and Vercel AI SDK. The package supports OpenAI models, Upstash-hosted models, and custom providers like TogetherAi and Replicate.

llm-leaderboard
Nejumi Leaderboard 3 is a comprehensive evaluation platform for large language models, assessing general language capabilities and alignment aspects. The evaluation framework includes metrics for language processing, translation, summarization, information extraction, reasoning, mathematical reasoning, entity extraction, knowledge/question answering, English, semantic analysis, syntactic analysis, alignment, ethics/moral, toxicity, bias, truthfulness, and robustness. The repository provides an implementation guide for environment setup, dataset preparation, configuration, model configurations, and chat template creation. Users can run evaluation processes using specified configuration files and log results to the Weights & Biases project.

LLMBox
LLMBox is a comprehensive library designed for implementing Large Language Models (LLMs) with a focus on a unified training pipeline and comprehensive model evaluation. It serves as a one-stop solution for training and utilizing LLMs, offering flexibility and efficiency in both training and utilization stages. The library supports diverse training strategies, comprehensive datasets, tokenizer vocabulary merging, data construction strategies, parameter efficient fine-tuning, and efficient training methods. For utilization, LLMBox provides comprehensive evaluation on various datasets, in-context learning strategies, chain-of-thought evaluation, evaluation methods, prefix caching for faster inference, support for specific LLM models like vLLM and Flash Attention, and quantization options. The tool is suitable for researchers and developers working with LLMs for natural language processing tasks.

backend.ai
Backend.AI is a streamlined, container-based computing cluster platform that hosts popular computing/ML frameworks and diverse programming languages, with pluggable heterogeneous accelerator support including CUDA GPU, ROCm GPU, TPU, IPU and other NPUs. It allocates and isolates the underlying computing resources for multi-tenant computation sessions on-demand or in batches with customizable job schedulers with its own orchestrator. All its functions are exposed as REST/GraphQL/WebSocket APIs.

pipecat
Pipecat is an open-source framework designed for building generative AI voice bots and multimodal assistants. It provides code building blocks for interacting with AI services, creating low-latency data pipelines, and transporting audio, video, and events over the Internet. Pipecat supports various AI services like speech-to-text, text-to-speech, image generation, and vision models. Users can implement new services and contribute to the framework. Pipecat aims to simplify the development of applications like personal coaches, meeting assistants, customer support bots, and more by providing a complete framework for integrating AI services.

upgini
Upgini is an intelligent data search engine with a Python library that helps users find and add relevant features to their ML pipeline from various public, community, and premium external data sources. It automates the optimization of connected data sources by generating an optimal set of machine learning features using large language models, GraphNNs, and recurrent neural networks. The tool aims to simplify feature search and enrichment for external data to make it a standard approach in machine learning pipelines. It democratizes access to data sources for the data science community.

speech-to-speech
This repository implements a speech-to-speech cascaded pipeline with consecutive parts including Voice Activity Detection (VAD), Speech to Text (STT), Language Model (LM), and Text to Speech (TTS). It aims to provide a fully open and modular approach by leveraging models available on the Transformers library via the Hugging Face hub. The code is designed for easy modification, with each component implemented as a class. Users can run the pipeline either on a server/client approach or locally, with detailed setup and usage instructions provided in the readme.

BentoML
BentoML is an open-source model serving library for building performant and scalable AI applications with Python. It comes with everything you need for serving optimization, model packaging, and production deployment.

llm_aided_ocr
The LLM-Aided OCR Project is an advanced system that enhances Optical Character Recognition (OCR) output by leveraging natural language processing techniques and large language models. It offers features like PDF to image conversion, OCR using Tesseract, error correction using LLMs, smart text chunking, markdown formatting, duplicate content removal, quality assessment, support for local and cloud-based LLMs, asynchronous processing, detailed logging, and GPU acceleration. The project provides detailed technical overview, text processing pipeline, LLM integration, token management, quality assessment, logging, configuration, and customization. It requires Python 3.12+, Tesseract OCR engine, PDF2Image library, PyTesseract, and optional OpenAI or Anthropic API support for cloud-based LLMs. The installation process involves setting up the project, installing dependencies, and configuring environment variables. Users can place a PDF file in the project directory, update input file path, and run the script to generate post-processed text. The project optimizes processing with concurrent processing, context preservation, and adaptive token management. Configuration settings include choosing between local or API-based LLMs, selecting API provider, specifying models, and setting context size for local LLMs. Output files include raw OCR output and LLM-corrected text. Limitations include performance dependency on LLM quality and time-consuming processing for large documents.

generative-fusion-decoding
Generative Fusion Decoding (GFD) is a novel shallow fusion framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) into multi-modal text recognition systems such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and optical character recognition (OCR). GFD operates across mismatched token spaces of different models by mapping text token space to byte token space, enabling seamless fusion during the decoding process. It simplifies the complexity of aligning different model sample spaces, allows LLMs to correct errors in tandem with the recognition model, increases robustness in long-form speech recognition, and enables fusing recognition models deficient in Chinese text recognition with LLMs extensively trained on Chinese. GFD significantly improves performance in ASR and OCR tasks, offering a unified solution for leveraging existing pre-trained models through step-by-step fusion.

wanda
Official PyTorch implementation of Wanda (Pruning by Weights and Activations), a simple and effective pruning approach for large language models. The pruning approach removes weights on a per-output basis, by the product of weight magnitudes and input activation norms. The repository provides support for various features such as LLaMA-2, ablation study on OBS weight update, zero-shot evaluation, and speedup evaluation. Users can replicate main results from the paper using provided bash commands. The tool aims to enhance the efficiency and performance of language models through structured and unstructured sparsity techniques.

DeepPavlov
DeepPavlov is an open-source conversational AI library built on PyTorch. It is designed for the development of production-ready chatbots and complex conversational systems, as well as for research in the area of NLP and dialog systems. The library offers a wide range of models for tasks such as Named Entity Recognition, Intent/Sentence Classification, Question Answering, Sentence Similarity/Ranking, Syntactic Parsing, and more. DeepPavlov also provides embeddings like BERT, ELMo, and FastText for various languages, along with AutoML capabilities and integrations with REST API, Socket API, and Amazon AWS.

RA.Aid
RA.Aid is an AI software development agent powered by `aider` and advanced reasoning models like `o1`. It combines `aider`'s code editing capabilities with LangChain's agent-based task execution framework to provide an intelligent assistant for research, planning, and implementation of multi-step development tasks. It handles complex programming tasks by breaking them down into manageable steps, running shell commands automatically, and leveraging expert reasoning models like OpenAI's o1. RA.Aid is designed for everyday software development, offering features such as multi-step task planning, automated command execution, and the ability to handle complex programming tasks beyond single-shot code edits.

xFasterTransformer
xFasterTransformer is an optimized solution for Large Language Models (LLMs) on the X86 platform, providing high performance and scalability for inference on mainstream LLM models. It offers C++ and Python APIs for easy integration, along with example codes and benchmark scripts. Users can prepare models in a different format, convert them, and use the APIs for tasks like encoding input prompts, generating token ids, and serving inference requests. The tool supports various data types and models, and can run in single or multi-rank modes using MPI. A web demo based on Gradio is available for popular LLM models like ChatGLM and Llama2. Benchmark scripts help evaluate model inference performance quickly, and MLServer enables serving with REST and gRPC interfaces.
For similar tasks

LLM-as-HH
LLM-as-HH is a codebase that accompanies the paper ReEvo: Large Language Models as Hyper-Heuristics with Reflective Evolution. It introduces Language Hyper-Heuristics (LHHs) that leverage LLMs for heuristic generation with minimal manual intervention and open-ended heuristic spaces. Reflective Evolution (ReEvo) is presented as a searching framework that emulates the reflective design approach of human experts while surpassing human capabilities with scalable LLM inference, Internet-scale domain knowledge, and powerful evolutionary search. The tool can improve various algorithms on problems like Traveling Salesman Problem, Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem, Orienteering Problem, Multiple Knapsack Problems, Bin Packing Problem, and Decap Placement Problem in both black-box and white-box settings.

open-ai
Open AI is a powerful tool for artificial intelligence research and development. It provides a wide range of machine learning models and algorithms, making it easier for developers to create innovative AI applications. With Open AI, users can explore cutting-edge technologies such as natural language processing, computer vision, and reinforcement learning. The platform offers a user-friendly interface and comprehensive documentation to support users in building and deploying AI solutions. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced AI practitioner, Open AI offers the tools and resources you need to accelerate your AI projects and stay ahead in the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence.

universal
The Universal Numbers Library is a header-only C++ template library designed for universal number arithmetic, offering alternatives to native integer and floating-point for mixed-precision algorithm development and optimization. It tailors arithmetic types to the application's precision and dynamic range, enabling improved application performance and energy efficiency. The library provides fast implementations of special IEEE-754 formats like quarter precision, half-precision, and quad precision, as well as vendor-specific extensions. It supports static and elastic integers, decimals, fixed-points, rationals, linear floats, tapered floats, logarithmic, interval, and adaptive-precision integers, rationals, and floats. The library is suitable for AI, DSP, HPC, and HFT algorithms.

how-to-optim-algorithm-in-cuda
This repository documents how to optimize common algorithms based on CUDA. It includes subdirectories with code implementations for specific optimizations. The optimizations cover topics such as compiling PyTorch from source, NVIDIA's reduce optimization, OneFlow's elementwise template, fast atomic add for half data types, upsample nearest2d optimization in OneFlow, optimized indexing in PyTorch, OneFlow's softmax kernel, linear attention optimization, and more. The repository also includes learning resources related to deep learning frameworks, compilers, and optimization techniques.

data-scientist-roadmap2024
The Data Scientist Roadmap2024 provides a comprehensive guide to mastering essential tools for data science success. It includes programming languages, machine learning libraries, cloud platforms, and concepts categorized by difficulty. The roadmap covers a wide range of topics from programming languages to machine learning techniques, data visualization tools, and DevOps/MLOps tools. It also includes web development frameworks and specific concepts like supervised and unsupervised learning, NLP, deep learning, reinforcement learning, and statistics. Additionally, it delves into DevOps tools like Airflow and MLFlow, data visualization tools like Tableau and Matplotlib, and other topics such as ETL processes, optimization algorithms, and financial modeling.

ML-AI-2-LT
ML-AI-2-LT is a repository that serves as a glossary for machine learning and deep learning concepts. It contains translations and explanations of various terms related to artificial intelligence, including definitions and notes. Users can contribute by filling issues for unclear concepts or by submitting pull requests with suggestions or additions. The repository aims to provide a comprehensive resource for understanding key terminology in the field of AI and machine learning.

sciml.ai
SciML.ai is an open source software organization dedicated to unifying packages for scientific machine learning. It focuses on developing modular scientific simulation support software, including differential equation solvers, inverse problems methodologies, and automated model discovery. The organization aims to provide a diverse set of tools with a common interface, creating a modular, easily-extendable, and highly performant ecosystem for scientific simulations. The website serves as a platform to showcase SciML organization's packages and share news within the ecosystem. Pull requests are encouraged for contributions.

PHS-AI
PHS-AI is a project that provides functionality as is, without any warranties or commitments. Users are advised to exercise caution when using the code and conduct thorough testing before deploying in a production environment. The author assumes no responsibility for any losses or damages incurred through the use of this code. Feedback and contributions to improve the project are always welcome.
For similar jobs

weave
Weave is a toolkit for developing Generative AI applications, built by Weights & Biases. With Weave, you can log and debug language model inputs, outputs, and traces; build rigorous, apples-to-apples evaluations for language model use cases; and organize all the information generated across the LLM workflow, from experimentation to evaluations to production. Weave aims to bring rigor, best-practices, and composability to the inherently experimental process of developing Generative AI software, without introducing cognitive overhead.

LLMStack
LLMStack is a no-code platform for building generative AI agents, workflows, and chatbots. It allows users to connect their own data, internal tools, and GPT-powered models without any coding experience. LLMStack can be deployed to the cloud or on-premise and can be accessed via HTTP API or triggered from Slack or Discord.

VisionCraft
The VisionCraft API is a free API for using over 100 different AI models. From images to sound.

kaito
Kaito is an operator that automates the AI/ML inference model deployment in a Kubernetes cluster. It manages large model files using container images, avoids tuning deployment parameters to fit GPU hardware by providing preset configurations, auto-provisions GPU nodes based on model requirements, and hosts large model images in the public Microsoft Container Registry (MCR) if the license allows. Using Kaito, the workflow of onboarding large AI inference models in Kubernetes is largely simplified.

PyRIT
PyRIT is an open access automation framework designed to empower security professionals and ML engineers to red team foundation models and their applications. It automates AI Red Teaming tasks to allow operators to focus on more complicated and time-consuming tasks and can also identify security harms such as misuse (e.g., malware generation, jailbreaking), and privacy harms (e.g., identity theft). The goal is to allow researchers to have a baseline of how well their model and entire inference pipeline is doing against different harm categories and to be able to compare that baseline to future iterations of their model. This allows them to have empirical data on how well their model is doing today, and detect any degradation of performance based on future improvements.

tabby
Tabby is a self-hosted AI coding assistant, offering an open-source and on-premises alternative to GitHub Copilot. It boasts several key features: * Self-contained, with no need for a DBMS or cloud service. * OpenAPI interface, easy to integrate with existing infrastructure (e.g Cloud IDE). * Supports consumer-grade GPUs.

spear
SPEAR (Simulator for Photorealistic Embodied AI Research) is a powerful tool for training embodied agents. It features 300 unique virtual indoor environments with 2,566 unique rooms and 17,234 unique objects that can be manipulated individually. Each environment is designed by a professional artist and features detailed geometry, photorealistic materials, and a unique floor plan and object layout. SPEAR is implemented as Unreal Engine assets and provides an OpenAI Gym interface for interacting with the environments via Python.

Magick
Magick is a groundbreaking visual AIDE (Artificial Intelligence Development Environment) for no-code data pipelines and multimodal agents. Magick can connect to other services and comes with nodes and templates well-suited for intelligent agents, chatbots, complex reasoning systems and realistic characters.